MoviCompile : An LLVM based compiler for heterogeneous SIMD code generation

Numerous applications in communication and multimedia domains show significant data-level parallelism (DLP). The amount of DLP varies between applications in the same domain or even within a single application. Most architectures support a single vector-, SIMD-width which may not be optimal. This may cause performance and energy inefficiency. We propose the use of multiple (heterogeneous) vector-widths to better serve applications with varying DLP. The SHAVE (Streaming Hybrid Architecture Vector Engine) VLIW vector processor shown in Figure 1 is an example of such an architecture. SHAVE is a unique VLIW processor that provides hardware support for native 32-bit (short) and 128-bit (long) vector operations. Vector arithmetic unit (VAU) supports 128-bit vector arithmetic of 8/16/32-bit integer and 16/32-bit floating point types. Scalar arithmetic unit (SAU) supports 32-bit vector arithmetic of 8/16-bit integer and 16-bit floating point types. The moviCompile compiler is an LLVM based commercial compiler targeting code generation for SHAVE processor family. The moviCompile compiler is capable of SIMD code generation for 128-bit (long) and 64-bit vector operations. This work focuses on compiler backend support for 32-bit (short) vector operations. More specifically, this work aims to generate SIMD code for short vector types (e.g. 4 x i8, 2 x i16, 2 x f16) that can be executed on 32-bit SAU next to the 128/64-bit SIMD code. As a result, moviCompile is able to generate heterogeneous assembly code consisting of both short and long vector SIMD operations. Currently, we are testing the compiler using TSVC (Test Suite for Vectorizing Compilers) and intend to measure the performance improvements

Gilliam Otistik Bozukluk Derecelendirme Ölçeği-2 Türkçe Versiyonu’nun (GOBDÖ-2-TV) Geçerlik ve Güvenirliğinin Araştırılması: Türkiye Standardizasyon Çalışması

 This study aims at exploring the psychometric characteristics of the Turkish version of the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2 (TV-GARS-2) in order to standardize it into Turkish. Individuals diagnosed with autism, intellectual disability, hearing impairment and typically developing children were the participants of this standardization study (n=1191). After carrying out theTurkish translation procedure, the reliability and validity of TV-GARS-2 were examined by conducting a series of analyses such as construct validity, discriminant validity, item analysis,confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results yielded thatTV-GARS-2 is a reliable and valid assessment tool that can be used with individuals with autism in Turkey. Bu çalışmada Gilliam Otistik Bozukluk Derecelendirme Ölçeği-2 Türkçe Versiyonu’nun(GOBDÖ-2-TV) Türkçe standardizasyonu için GOBDÖ-2-TV’nin psikometrik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada 1191 otistik bozukluk (otizm) tanılı bireyden veri toplanırken,ayırt edici geçerlik için ayrıca zihinsel, işitme yetirsizliği olan ve yetersizliği olmayan/normalgelişim gösteren bireylerinden de veri toplanmıştır. Türkçe çeviri ve dil eşitliği çalışmalarındansonra, yapı geçerliğinin sınanması, ayırt edici geçerliğin sınanması, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi,iç tutarlılık ve test-tekrar test güvenirliği gibi bir seri analiz ile GOBDÖ-2-TV’nin geçerlik vegüvenirliği sınanmıştır. Bulgular, GOBDÖ-2-TV’nin Türkiye’de otistik bozukluk (otizm) gösterençocukların değerlendirme sürecinde kullanılabilecek yeterli geçerlik ve güvenirlik özelliklerine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.  

Antisosyal Davranışları Önlemeye Yönelik “Başarıya İlk Adım Programı” Türkçe Versiyonu’nun Etkililiği

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Turkish version of the First Step to Success (TFSS) early intervention program on problem behaviors, social skills, and academic competence of at-risk students for antisocial behaviors in Turkey. Participants consisted of a total number of 102 students (53 students in experimental and 49 students in control group) and experimental group students’ teachers and mothers. Experimental group students were subjected to implementation of TFSS while control group students were not. Results revealed significant differences between the scores of two groups on problem behaviors and social skills. Moreover, significant decreases in experimental group students’ problem behavior scores and significant increases in their social skills and academic competence scores were observed. High levels of satisfaction were reported by experimental group students’ teachers and mothers. Results are being discussed.Bu çalışmanın amacı, Başarıya İlk Adım Programı Türkçe Versiyonu’nun (BİA-TV) antisosyal davranışlar açısından riskli olan öğrencilerin problem davranışları, sosyal becerileri ve akademik yeterlilikleri üzerindeki etkililiğini incelemektir. Çalışma 53’ü deney ve 49’u kontrol grubunda olmak üzere 31’i anasınıfından 37 birinci sınıf ve 34’ü ikinci sınıftan 102 öğrenciyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deney grubu öğrencileri ile BİA-AV programı uygulanırken, kontrol grubu ile herhangi bir uygulama gerçekleştirilmemiştir. Bulgular iki grubun problem davranışları ve sosyal beceri puanları arasında anlamlı farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. Programın deney grubu öğrencilerinin problem davranışlarında anlamlı düşüşe, sosyal beceri ve akademik yeterlilik puanlarında anlamlı artışa yol açtığı gözlenmiştir. Katılımcıların öğretmenleri ve annelerinin memnuniyet düzeyleri yüksek bulunmuştur. Bulgular tartışılmıştır

Mixed-length SIMD code generation for VLIW architectures with multiple native vector-widths

The degree of DLP parallelism in applications is not fixed and varies due to different computational characteristics of applications. On the contrary, most of the processors today include single-width SIMD (vector) hardware to exploit DLP. However, single-width SIMD architectures may not be optimal to serve applications with varying DLP and they may cause performance and energy inefficiency. We propose the usage of VLIW processors with multiple native vector-widths to better serve applications with changing DLP. SHAVE is an example of such VLIW processor and provides hardware support for the native 32-bit and 128-bit wide vector operations. This paper researches and implements the mixed-length SIMD code generation support for SHAVE processor. More specifically, we target generating 32-bit and 128/64-bit SIMD code for the native 32-bit and 128-bit wide vector units of SHAVE processor. In this way, we improved the performance of compiler generated SIMD code by reducing the number of overhead operations and by increasing the SIMD hardware utilization. Experimental results demonstrated that our methodology implemented in the compiler improves the performance of synthetic benchmarks up to 47%

Impossible protest: noborders in Calais

Since the closure of the Red Cross refugee reception centre in Sangatte, undocumented migrants in Calais hoping to cross the border to Britain have been forced to take refuge in a number of squatted migrant camps, locally known by all as ‘the jungles.’ Unauthorised shanty-like residences built by the migrants themselves, living conditions in the camps are very poor. In June 2009, European ‘noborder’ activists set up a week-long protest camp in the area with the intention of confronting the authorities over their treatment of undocumented migrants. In this article, we analyse the June 2009 noborder camp as an instance of ‘immigrant protest.’ Drawing on ethnographic materials and Jacques Rancière's work on politics and aesthetics, we construct a typology of forms of border control through which to analyse the different ways in which the politics of the noborder camp were staged, performed and policed. Developing a critique of policing practices which threatened to make immigrant protest ‘impossible’, we highlight moments of protest which, through the affirmation of an ‘axiomatic’ equality, disrupted and disarticulated the borders between citizens and non-citizens, the political and non-political

ASAM: Automatic Architecture Synthesis and Application Mapping

This paper focuses on mastering the automatic architecture synthesis and application mapping for heterogeneous massively-parallel MPSoCs based on customizable application-specific instruction-set processors (ASIPs). It presents an over-view of the research being currently performed in the scope of the European project ASAM of the ARTEMIS program. The paper briefly presents the results of our analysis of the main problems to be solved and challenges to be faced in the design of such heterogeneous MPSoCs. It explains which system, design, and electronic design automation (EDA) concepts seem to be adequate to resolve the problems and address the challenges. Finally, it introduces and briefly discusses the ASAM design-flow and its main stages

Density of conjugated antibody determines the extent of Fc receptor dependent capture of nanoparticles by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells

Despite considerable progress in the design of multifunctionalized nanoparticles (NPs) that selectively target specific cell types, their systemic application often results in unwanted liver accumulation. The exact mechanisms for this general observation are still unclear. Here we asked whether the number of cell-targeting antibodies per NP determines the extent of NP liver accumulation and also addressed the mechanisms by which antibody-coated NPs are retained in the liver. We used polysarcosine-based peptobrushes (PBs), which in an unmodified form remain in the circulation for >24 h due to the absence of a protein corona formation and low unspecific cell binding, and conjugated them with specific average numbers (2, 6, and 12) of antibodies specific for the dendritic cell (DC) surface receptor, DEC205. We assessed the time-dependent biodistribution of PB-antibody conjugates by in vivo imaging and flow cytometry. We observed that PB-antibody conjugates were trapped in the liver and that the extent of liver accumulation strongly increased with the number of attached antibodies. PB-antibody conjugates were selectively captured in the liver via Fc receptors (FcR) on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, since systemic administration of FcR-blocking agents or the use of F(ab')2 fragments prevented liver accumulation. Cumulatively, our study demonstrates that liver endothelial cells play a yet scarcely acknowledged role in liver entrapment of antibody-coated NPs and that low antibody numbers on NPs and the use of F(ab')2 antibody fragments are both sufficient for cell type-specific targeting of secondary lymphoid organs and necessary to minimize unwanted liver accumulation.Drug Delivery Technolog